![]() Monitoring land cover change for environmental monitoring.Images of floods, volcanic eruptions and landslides contribute to disaster mapping and help humanitarian relief efforts. It also provides information on pollution in lakes and coastal waters. This is particularly important for effective yield prediction and applications related to Earth's vegetation.Īs well as monitoring plant growth, Sentinel-2 is used to map changes in land cover and to monitor the world's forests. Satellite images will be used to determine various plant indices such as leaf area chlorophyll and water content indexes. The mission provides information for agricultural and forestry practices and for helping manage food security. Sentinel-2 serves a wide range of applications related to Earth's land and coastal water. These temporal offsets can be used to gain additional information, for example to track propagating natural and man-made features such as clouds, airplanes or ocean waves Applications Spectral bands Spectral bands for the Sentinel-2 sensors Sentinel-2 bandsĭue to the layout of the focal plane, spectral bands within the MSI instrument observe the surface at different times and vary between band pairs. The radiometric resolution is 12 bit with brightness intensity ranging from 0-4095. Out of all the different civic optical earth observation missions, Sentinel-2 is the first to have the ability to show three bands in the red edge. This mechanism is also used in the calibration of the instrument. The system also employs a shutter mechanism preventing direct illumination of the instrument by the sun. The mirrors are rectangular and made of silicon carbide, a similar technology to those on the Gaia mission. It has a 150 mm (6 in) aperture and a three-mirror anastigmat design with a focal length of about 600 mm (24 in) the instantaneous field of view is about 21° by 3.5°. ĭesigned and built by Airbus Defense and Space in France, the MSI imager uses a push-broom concept and its design was driven by the large 290 km (180 mi) swath requirements together with the high geometrical and spectral performance required of the measurements. Within the 13 bands, the 10 meter spatial resolution allows for continued collaboration with the SPOT-5 and Landsat-8 missions, with the core focus being land classification. ![]() The Sentinel-2 satellites each carry a single multi-spectral instrument (MSI) with 13 spectral channels in the visible/near infrared (VNIR) and short wave infrared spectral range (SWIR). Sentinel-2C is scheduled to launch in 2024 on a Vega-C launch vehicle. Sentinel-2B was launched on 7 March 2017 at 01:49 UTC, also aboard a Vega rocket. The launch of the first satellite, Sentinel-2A, occurred 23 June 2015 at 01:52 UTC on a Vega launch vehicle. It is close to the Landsat local time and matches SPOT 's, allowing the combination of Sentinel-2 data with historical images to build long-term time series. This local time was selected as a compromise between minimizing cloud cover and ensuring suitable Sun illumination. The orbit is Sun synchronous at 786 km (488 mi) altitude, 14.3 revolutions per day, with a 10:30 a.m. The 290km swath is created by the VNIR and SWIR, which are each made of 12 detectors that are lined in two offset rows. This allows for what would be a 10-day revisit cycle to be completed in 5 days. The satellites are phased 180 degrees from each other on the same orbit. To achieve frequent revisits and high mission availability, two identical Sentinel-2 satellites (Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B) operate together.
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